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Mishmar HaEmek (, ''lit.'' Guardian of the Valley) 〔 is a kibbutz in northern Israel. Located in the western Jezreel Valley, it falls under the jurisdiction of Megiddo Regional Council. In 2006, it had a population of 964. ==History== Mishmar Haemek was officially founded on January 21, 1922, to mark the birth of its first baby. Mishmar Haemek's members lived in Haifa and then in Afula, before settling at its current location in 1927. In the fall of 1942, when there were fears of a German victory in the Middle East, Mishmar HaEmek was used as a training camp by the British army. 160 Jewish volunteers, who later were to become members of the Palmach branch of the Haganah, were trained by Royal Engineers in sabotage and wireless operation. Several tons of explosives were hidden in caches in case the area came under German occupation. This program was terminated immediately upon the training of the volunteers, and orders issued for the collection of all equipment and explosives to be returned to the British. 〔Naomi Shepherd, "Ploughing the sand - British rule in Palestine 1917-1948".ISBN 0 7195 5707 0. Pages 215-220.〕 In 1947, Mishmar HaEmek had a population of 550. The Jewish National Fund and Worton Hall Studios made a 1947 movie called ''The Great Promise'' (''Dim'at Ha'Nehamah Ha'Gedolah''), and a number of the scenes were filmed here. 〔 〔(Internet Movie Database )〕 On 4 April 1948, the kibbutz came under full scale attack by the Arab Liberation Army.〔Benny Morris, "The Birth of the Palestinain Refugee Problem". ISBN 0-521-33028-9. page 115.〕 The attack began with an artillery barrage from seven artillery pieces supplied by the Syrian Army.〔Larry Collins/Dominique Lapierre, ''O Jerusalem''. History Book Club, London, (1972) (hb). p.281. They count seven 75 millimeter and three 105 millimeter guns.〕 In the following counter-attack the Haganah destroyed eight neighbouring Arab villages. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mishmar HaEmek」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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